What Are Terpenes And Why Are They Important?


Terpenes, by definition refers to the aromatic molecules in cannabis. Terpenes are very interesting because they act as cannabinoids, just like cannabis affects the body. Cannabinoids are the chemical compounds in the cannabis flower (THC and CBD) and they have the ability to bind to your brain via receptors. Let us now see how all this works and why it is considered an important component of cannabis.

Humulene
Humulene

THC and CBD are the best known cannabinoids, but they’re only a small fraction of the 100 cannabinoids contained in the cannabis plant. CBD acts on the same receptors as THC, although if hemp-based, CBD will not get you high . Cannabis plants also contain terpenes, a group of compounds similar to those found in wine, coffee and many other fruits and vegetables. Terpene is the second most common compound in cannabis after THC in terms of chemical composition.

Also known as terpenoids, these natural organic compounds are essential oils found in almost every type of plant. Different strains of cannabis have different chemical footprints, and terpene is the hydrocarbon that is mainly responsible for these differences. At its most basic level, terpenes can change the way a cannabis strain smells and tastes.


Terpenes in CBD Infographic
Common Terpenes found in CBD

Limonene
Limonene

Cannabis enthusiasts can detect several aromatic notes when they smell their preferred marijuana varieties and concentrates. While there are tens of thousands of known terpenes, cannabis produces about 100 of them, which vary by variety. Although some of these sensitive chemical compounds can be broken down during certain extraction processes, others retain much of their aroma and flavour.

Terpenes consist of carbon and hydrogen and are produced by many plants and insects. They have a lot of power and act in many other very important roles that play a role in both the plant and animal kingdoms. Cannabis and other plants share many of the same terpenes. With the information and knowledge we’re now receiving about the medicinal and recreational parts of cannabis, we can better understand it and begin to get a much deeper feel for its medicinal importance.

Camphene
Camphene

Terpenes have been studied for a long time and their properties are quite well known and documented in the world of aromatherapy. For example, it’s been known for hundreds of years that essential oils such as lavender soothe and relax. While terpene is new to the world of cannabis, and it’s accepted that it is the taste and aroma that distinguish the different varieties, it can also be responsible for so much more.

Cannabis patients should understand that it’s not only about the cannabinoid content, there are many components of the cannabis plant, like terpenes, that are very important for the desired results.

Linalool
Linalool

Terpenes are the main reason why laboratory experiments with synthetic THC have always failed to reproduce the results of studies with natural, full cannabis extracts; they are a fascinating and rapidly evolving field of science. Terpene not only provides a pleasant fragrance, but is also responsible for changing the taste, smell and taste of the cannabis plant when you smoke or consume it.

Carene
Carene

If you’ve ever used essential oils, which are typically a combination of THC, CBD, cannabidiol (CBD) and other cannabinoids as well as concentrated terpene, you will know the benefits and effects. The cannabis plants are so diverse that they are full of varieties, each of which, due to terps, makes the smell or taste of each variety so unique.

Eucalyptol
Eucalyptol

This means that they interact with each other and produce different effects depending on the combination and chemical composition used. It is vital to understand the effects of the most common terpenes so that you can make an informed decision about the cannabis you use. These flavoring fragrances, which produce chemicals, are responsible for the variety of flavors and aromas that users experience with cannabis.

They have also proved therapeutic in influencing the way cannabis affects us. In fact, research suggests that terpene can act as a powerful anti-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory, as well as an antioxidant.

Caryophyllen
Caryophyllen

It’s true that we have learned cannabis contains these substances, but few people still know where they are. They are found not only in cannabis, but also in the leaves, flowers, seeds and leaves of other plants. These plants have begun to attract the attention of scientists and are characterized by intense and captivating aromas. They give each plant its unique smell and taste.

In cannabis, terpenes are compounds that give different strains their variety of fragrance and taste. They are found in many plants and flowers, including conifers, citrus trees and hops. In cannabis, they are secreted in the sticky resin glands, where cannabinoids such as THC, CBD and trichomes are also found.


List of Common Terpenes

Bisabolol

  • floral
  • Anti-inflammatory
  • Anti-irritant
  • Anti-microbial
  • Common Uses
    • Cancer, skin lesions

Borneol

  • mint
  • Anti-inflammatory
  • Antinociceptive
  • Common Uses
    • Eyesight, pain relief

Camphene

  • pine, earthy
  • Antioxident
  • Common Uses
    • Cardiovascular disease

Caryophyllene

  • Spicy, pepper, cloves
  • Anti-inflammatory
  • Anti-oxident
  • Anti-bacterial
  • Anti-Fungal
  • Common Uses
    • Insomnia, muscle spasms, pain relief

Delta 3 Carene

  • pine, rosemary
  • Anti-inflammatory
  • Bone stimulant
  • Common Uses
    • Memory

Eucalyptol

  • mint
  • Anti-bacterial
  • Anti-fungal
  • Common Uses
    • Alzheimer’s, pain relief

Geraniol

  • rose
  • Anti-cancer
  • Anti-oxidant
  • Neuroprotectant
  • Common Uses
    • Cancer, pain relief

Humulene

  • earthy, hops, coriander
  • Anti-inflammatory
  • Anti-bacterial
  • Tumor fighting
  • Common Uses
    • Cancer, infections, appetite suppression

Limonene

  • bitter citrus
  • Anti-anxiety
  • Cancer fighting
  • Digestion, gall stones
  • Common Uses
    • Liver detox, depression, anxiety, gastric reflux

Linalool

  • floral, lavender, rosewood
  • Anti-anxiety
  • Anti-epileptic
  • Anti-psychotic
  • Pain relief
  • Common Uses
    • Depression, stress, seizures, insomnia, pain relief

Myrcene

  • citrus, lemongrass
  • Antiseptic
  • Anti-bacterial
  • Anti-fungal
  • Common Uses
    • Inflammation, insomnia, spasms, pain relief, sedation

Pinene

  • pine
  • Anti-inflammatory
  • Anti-depressant
  • Anti-microbial
  • Common Uses
    • Asthma, bronchitis, cancer, depression, memory

Phytol

  • floral
  • Immunosuppressant
  • Anti-insomnia
  • Common Uses
    • Sleep aid, reduce itching, wound healing

Terpinolene

  • smoky
  • Anti-bacterial
  • Anti-fungal
  • Anti-insomnia
  • Antiseptic
  • Common Uses
    • Cancer, heart disease, sleep aid

Trans-nerolidol

  • citrus, rose
  • Anti-cancer
  • Anti-microbial
  • Anti-oxidant
  • Anti-parasitic
  • Common Uses
    • Relaxation, skin lesions

Valencene

  • citrus
  • Anti-inflammatory
  • Anti-melanogenesis
  • Anti-allergic
  • Common Uses
    • Memory, skin lesions

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